#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# Copyright 2014 Facebook
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""A non-blocking TCP connection factory.
"""
from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, with_statement
import functools
import socket
from tornado.concurrent import Future
from tornado.ioloop import IOLoop
from tornado.iostream import IOStream
from tornado import gen
from tornado.netutil import Resolver
_INITIAL_CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 0.3
class _Connector(object):
"""A stateless implementation of the "Happy Eyeballs" algorithm.
"Happy Eyeballs" is documented in RFC6555 as the recommended practice
for when both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses are available.
In this implementation, we partition the addresses by family, and
make the first connection attempt to whichever address was
returned first by ``getaddrinfo``. If that connection fails or
times out, we begin a connection in parallel to the first address
of the other family. If there are additional failures we retry
with other addresses, keeping one connection attempt per family
in flight at a time.
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6555
"""
def __init__(self, addrinfo, io_loop, connect):
self.io_loop = io_loop
self.connect = connect
self.future = Future()
self.timeout = None
self.last_error = None
self.remaining = len(addrinfo)
self.primary_addrs, self.secondary_addrs = self.split(addrinfo)
@staticmethod
def split(addrinfo):
"""Partition the ``addrinfo`` list by address family.
Returns two lists. The first list contains the first entry from
``addrinfo`` and all others with the same family, and the
second list contains all other addresses (normally one list will
be AF_INET and the other AF_INET6, although non-standard resolvers
may return additional families).
"""
primary = []
secondary = []
primary_af = addrinfo[0][0]
for af, addr in addrinfo:
if af == primary_af:
primary.append((af, addr))
else:
secondary.append((af, addr))
return primary, secondary
def start(self, timeout=_INITIAL_CONNECT_TIMEOUT):
self.try_connect(iter(self.primary_addrs))
self.set_timout(timeout)
return self.future
def try_connect(self, addrs):
try:
af, addr = next(addrs)
except StopIteration:
# We've reached the end of our queue, but the other queue
# might still be working. Send a final error on the future
# only when both queues are finished.
if self.remaining == 0 and not self.future.done():
self.future.set_exception(self.last_error or
IOError("connection failed"))
return
future = self.connect(af, addr)
future.add_done_callback(functools.partial(self.on_connect_done,
addrs, af, addr))
def on_connect_done(self, addrs, af, addr, future):
self.remaining -= 1
try:
stream = future.result()
except Exception as e:
if self.future.done():
return
# Error: try again (but remember what happened so we have an
# error to raise in the end)
self.last_error = e
self.try_connect(addrs)
if self.timeout is not None:
# If the first attempt failed, don't wait for the
# timeout to try an address from the secondary queue.
self.io_loop.remove_timeout(self.timeout)
self.on_timeout()
return
self.clear_timeout()
if self.future.done():
# This is a late arrival; just drop it.
stream.close()
else:
self.future.set_result((af, addr, stream))
def set_timout(self, timeout):
self.timeout = self.io_loop.add_timeout(self.io_loop.time() + timeout,
self.on_timeout)
def on_timeout(self):
self.timeout = None
self.try_connect(iter(self.secondary_addrs))
def clear_timeout(self):
if self.timeout is not None:
self.io_loop.remove_timeout(self.timeout)
[文档]class TCPClient(object):
"""A non-blocking TCP connection factory.
.. versionchanged:: 4.1
The ``io_loop`` argument is deprecated.
"""
def __init__(self, resolver=None, io_loop=None):
self.io_loop = io_loop or IOLoop.current()
if resolver is not None:
self.resolver = resolver
self._own_resolver = False
else:
self.resolver = Resolver(io_loop=io_loop)
self._own_resolver = True
def close(self):
if self._own_resolver:
self.resolver.close()
@gen.coroutine
[文档] def connect(self, host, port, af=socket.AF_UNSPEC, ssl_options=None,
max_buffer_size=None):
"""Connect to the given host and port.
Asynchronously returns an `.IOStream` (or `.SSLIOStream` if
``ssl_options`` is not None).
"""
addrinfo = yield self.resolver.resolve(host, port, af)
connector = _Connector(
addrinfo, self.io_loop,
functools.partial(self._create_stream, max_buffer_size))
af, addr, stream = yield connector.start()
# TODO: For better performance we could cache the (af, addr)
# information here and re-use it on subsequent connections to
# the same host. (http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6555#section-4.2)
if ssl_options is not None:
stream = yield stream.start_tls(False, ssl_options=ssl_options,
server_hostname=host)
raise gen.Return(stream)
def _create_stream(self, max_buffer_size, af, addr):
# Always connect in plaintext; we'll convert to ssl if necessary
# after one connection has completed.
stream = IOStream(socket.socket(af),
io_loop=self.io_loop,
max_buffer_size=max_buffer_size)
return stream.connect(addr)